Which law states that allele pairs separate during gamete formation?

• A. Law of Segregation
• B. Law of Independent Assortment
• C. Principle of Dominance
• D. Non-Mendelian inheritance

Answer: (A)

Allele separation during gamete formation is described by Mendel's Law of Segregation. Each individual carries two alleles for a gene, one on each member of a homologous chromosome pair. When gametes are formed through meiosis, these homologous chromosomes are separated so that each gamete gets only one allele for that gene. Fertilization then restores the pair in the zygote. This separation happens regardless of how the alleles compare in dominance, and it’s distinct from how different genes assort or how alleles are expressed. That’s why this law is the correct description of why allele pairs separate during gamete formation.